Robots and Dinosaurs

Month

October 2009

3 posts

Tinkering -- October 24th

Had our usual weekend tinkering this Saturday.

Breaking News: We got our own Slurpee machine! Some highlights:
  • Got a slurpee machine!
  • SuperProbe manufacture
  • Making the DSO kits we group-ordered
  • Made a prototype drumkit for future workshop stuff
  • Juggling & Poi practice
Oct 28, 2009
#Uncategorized
Superprobe

I came across the Super Probe two weeks ago, and just had to make one. I had a bunch of the PIC 16F870 microcontrollers left over from an earlier project, and the rest of the parts were all easily found in my parts collection.

It is a really simple circuit, with so many useful features: - Logic Probe (L 3.7 V, P > 0.5us pulse) - Logic Pulser (0.5 us pulses at 5, 50, 500, 5k Hz) - Frequency Counter (8 digits) - Pulse Counter (8 digits) - Voltmeter (max 5 V, readings are a little high) - Diode measurement (measures fwd voltage using 5V supply via 10k resistor) - Capacitance measurement (1nF to 500uF, approx 100pF resolution) - Inductance measurement (100uH to 999.99mH, but not very accurate) - Signal generator (0.5 V square ware @ 500 Hz) - NTSC video generator (white dot pattern) - ASCII test pattern (A-Z then CR/LF at 1200, 2400, 4800, or 9600 baud) - Midi test output (plays middle C on selected midi channel) - R/C servo test output (approx 770 to 2300 us pulses @ ~28 Hz for servo control) - Square wave output (1 to 9999 Hz 5V square wave) - Pseudo random output (10 kHz PRNG) - IR test output (38 kHz 50 % duty cycle square wave for IR receiver testing) - PWM test output (6 kHz square wave with 3 % to 97 % adjustable duty cycle) In addition to the PIC, you just need 4 common anode 7-seg LED displays, a 20 MHz crystal, and a few resistors, caps, etc. I found the display to be a bit dim, but the MAN6610 7-seg displays I used were quite old and would be rated quite low in brightness. I left off the LM2931 regulator as I will just power it off 5 V, and so I actually put a PIC ICSP connector on the end of the board for re-programming, and an easy way to connect power. We are looking to make up a PCB for this so that members can make their own. It is a bit of a pain wiring up the 7-seg LED’s (using the LTC4627 would help a lot). - Kean
Oct 2, 2009
#pic #tools #useful tools
Geigerduino (part 1)

Over the last couple of months, Gav and R3becca have been discussing a new project idea - the Geigerduino. The idea being to be able to build an simple device that can detect cosmic rays or other radiation using a Geiger-Müller tube and an Arduino, and then publish the details so others could do the same. In late August, whilst having an R&D group dinner at Rockdale McDonalds, Gav quizzed me about generating high voltages, and I drew a rough schematic of a DC/DC boost converter (on a napkin of course). He told me the goal was to generate a PWM controlled voltage of up to 1000 V, using USB as a power supply. Having planted the seed, over the next two weeks I did some additional research and realised we should try a DC/DC converter using an isolated transformer with a voltage multiplier to get this kind of output. So, two weeks ago, we began prototyping this at the space. I built up a simple circuit on a breadboard, using a small transformer, some high voltage diodes and capacitors, and a MCP14E5 mosfet H-bridge driver chip. I had acquired a small batch of these transformers from a surplus electronics place a few years ago, and they seemed appropriate with a DC resistance of 11.5 ohms on the primary, and 2,300 ohms on the secondary. I had no other specs, but I think they were intended for generating HV to drive EL or CCFL lighting. The MCP14E5 is actually intended to drive the gate of power MOSFETs, but I had it handy, it is fast and can supply significant current, and it seems to do the job. I also needed a signal source to drive the transformer, and seeing as R&D had recently done a group purchase of Bus Pirates (preorder 2), I decided to use one of those. The Bus Pirate has a PWM generator mode that can generate 1 kHz to 4000 kHz signals with varying duty cycles.

So, what was the result - first we tried 1 low frequency, possibly 10 kHz, and got almost 500 V DC out.

A bit of tweaking, and we found that these transformers work best at around 50 kHz. This picture was taken when we were using about 8 V at 200 mA to drive the transformer.

Yes, we are generating nearly 800 V DC using USB and a simple breadboard circuit! Gavin and I then made up these circuits on some prototype PCB’s, and found we could generate 600 V DC quite nicely from USB power. Gavin even incorporated his Arduino DangerShield for PWM control.

There is a 10 M ohm load resistor on the output of the circuit. This provides some load (50 uA at 500 V), and helps to discharge the capacitors when the PWM is disabled. Be aware that many cheap multi-meters have an input impedence of only about 1 M ohm, and the load will drag the output voltage down below those shown above. Also, many meters and probes are not rated for use above 600 V (including the scope meter used in the photos!) Warning: Experimenting with high voltage is dangerous - both in terms of electric shock, and damage to your equipment. You have been warned. More to come… - Kean Reference material: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_voltage http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_converter http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_to_DC_converter http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_multiplier http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H-bridge http://www.microchip.com/wwwproducts/Devices.aspx?dDocName=en531148 http://dangerousprototypes.com/bus-pirate-manual/
Oct 2, 20097 notes
#arduino #fun #geigerduino #high voltage #member's projects #tinkering
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